Fastapi python token

Fastapi python token. In your case it will look something like this: import time from fastapi import FastAPI, Request app = FastAPI() @app. This will allow you to revoke a specific tokens so that it can no longer access your endpoints. In my auth. For exemple, if you use python requests library, here are the docs. Step 2: Implement API Key Security Function. def verify_token(req: Request): token = req. e. Who is this course for? Dec 12, 2012 · curl --header "Authorization:access_token myToken" https://website. View the full course outline. You will have to choose what tokens you want to check against the denylist. api_v1. Start by creating a new Python project and using pip to install FastAPI and Uvicorn as your asynchronous server: Mar 17, 2022 · This class expects you to store the token in a header whose key is "Authorization" and whose value is "Bearer <token>". security import HTTPAuthorizationCredentials, HTTPBearer. Terminal Interface after starting the server. The auth header in Swagger is now the token, and it validates, for about a minute. Jan 27, 2023 · This Python code sample demonstrates how to implement Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) in a FastAPI server using Auth0 by Okta. If you do not care about having a fancy integration with the swagger front end, you can simply create a dependency for verifying the token. Type hint your code and get free data validation and conversion. On creating TemplateResponse object while returning, it creates a new response copying the same cookies from the request and kind of shadow the change (delete cookies) that Dec 23, 2021 · However, I'm wanting to add further modules and I'd like to use the msal package to do user authentication by routing a user to the Microsoft login page, letting them sign in against a multi-tenant app service I set up in Azure, and then redirecting back to my page via redirect URI, grabbing the token, and progressing with authorization. return user. backends. I want to enable API Key header to generate a Bearer token in my API using FastAPI, but I'm having troubles getting and sending Bearer token from the OpenAPI UI, my token endpoint looks like this. utcnow() + expires_delta. get Jul 3, 2021 · I want to retrieve a specific header from my API inside a function with fastAPI, but I can't found a solution for this. NOTE ( refresh_token expired-time must be long than access_token) you should return only access_token to client and there inside JWTBearer() class you must check if access_token expires Oct 16, 2022 · Solution 2. Aug 6, 2020 · The above code will obtain a token which contains access_token and id_token. This code sample uses the following main tooling versions: FastAPI v0. That's what makes it possible to have multiple automatic interactive documentation interfaces, code generation, etc. Sorted by: 1. Teams. Jan 27, 2023 · Validate access tokens in JSON Web Token (JWT) format using FastAPI dependency injection system. username) if user is None: raise credentials_exception. It comes with exciting features like: Dec 26, 2022 · Additionally, instead of a middleware, it might be better to use Dependencies, along with FastAPI's OAuth2PasswordBearer (you can find the implementation here), similar to this answer (which demonstrates how to achieve authentication using the third-party package FastAPI_Login - have a look at the relevant implementation here). It returns an object of type HTTPBasicCredentials: It contains the username and password sent. 6+. Create a " security scheme" using HTTPBasic. Click on the "API token" tab; if you don't already have a token, it will look like this: Click the "Create a new API token" button to get your token, and you'll see this: That string of letters and numbers Jul 14, 2022 · I'm working with FastAPI and Python on the backend to make external calls to a public API. testclient: from fastapi. OAuth2 规范要求使用密码流时，客户端或用户必须以表单数据形式发送 username 和 password 字段。. optional_oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="auth", auto_error=False) async def get_user_or_none(db: Session = Depends(get_db), token: str | None = Depends(optional_oauth2_scheme)): Mar 7, 2022 · For that you need to declare Token model (table) in database and keep logged in tokens there. from jose import JWTError, jwt. To give you an overall high level view, you can store the user's session state without sending the JWT token with every request by using sessions and cookies. Use FastAPI dependency injection system to enforce API security policies. Let’s start by creating a new folder: mkdir myFastApi_jwt cd myFastApi_jwt. Also if you still wanna use Pure FastAPI check this link FastAPI OAuth2PasswordRequestForm Jan 5, 2023 · return False. And lots more. Create plugins easily using dependency injection. @app. Sep 16, 2020 · return {"access_token": raw_response['access_token'], "token_type": "bearer"} This works fine. Beside, FastAPI, a modern + fast Python web framework, offers a robust and efficient platform for web development. 2. async def get_current_active_user(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)): Speed: FastAPI is one of the fastest Python web frameworks. FastAPI is a modern, high-performance, batteries-included Python web framework that’s perfect for building Jan 23, 2024 · I'm using python-socketio and trying to pass the server instance to my app routers as dependency: main. The expire time for the tokens is set to a very short time. Step 3 – Create the Validation Schemas with Pydantic. 声明 Cookie 参数的方式与声明 Query 和 Path 参数相同。. Learn more about Teams Jul 13, 2023 · 1. else: For those who are here failing to understand why Swagger in FastAPI doesn't show their Security methods in the "Authorize" modal dialog, please bear in mind that due to this line each of the security definitions attached to your routes via dependency is registered under its class name by default unless you explicitly specify the scheme_name when instantiating the relevant Security class. 1, and I'm experiencing an issue with user authentication, specifically related to JWT tokens. Complete Example. hex()). Step 2: Acquire a JWT token by Jun 16, 2020 · There is a good documentation on how to use the refresh token with good examples. Apr 28, 2021 · In some cases you don't really need the return value of a dependency inside your path operation function. FastAPI is built on top of Starlette and Pydantic, supporting various authentication and authorization mechanisms, including OAuth2. You need to use a different OAuth2PasswordBearer for these optionally authenticated endpoints with auto_error=False, e. from sqlalchemy. myToken is a hexadecimal variable that remains constant throughout. 6+ installed. py file I have the following code:. tenantid = ''. You can then setup your FastAPI project by activating your RESTful API with Python,SQLAlchemy, & FastAPI: Access and Refresh Tokens In this article, you'll learn how to secure a FastAPI app by implementing access and refresh token functionalities using JSON Web Tokens (JWTs). orm import Session. it needs to get a token directly. Oct 4, 2020 · server side firebase checks the token. Feb 29, 2024 · This code snippet provides functions and a class for JWT (JSON Web Token) authentication in a FastAPI project. api_key_header = APIKeyHeader(name='X-API-Key', auto_error=True) app_auth = APIRouter() @app_auth. Nov 10, 2021 · token_data = TokenData(username=username) except JWTError: raise credentials_exception. security = HTTPBearer() async def has_access(credentials: HTTPAuthorizationCredentials= Depends(security)): """. py file: import socketio. I have followed the guide provided in FastAPI's security documentation . Read more about it in the FastAPI docs for Testing. if expires is None: raise credentials_exception. Q&A for work. FastAPI is a modern and high-performance web framework for building APIs with Python 3. from fastapi import FastAPI, Depends, HTTPException. INFO) logging. import uvicorn. And your FastAPI application with WebSockets will respond back: You can send (and receive) many messages: And all of them will use the same WebSocket connection. Apr 29, 2021 · So this is an example dash app mounted to fastapi. Nov 29, 2022 · In this article, we will build a full-stack login web application with JWT token. FastAPI Code Sample Specs. Now I'm stuck because I don't see a way where I can mount this dash app and add fastapi dependency. basicConfig(level = logging. React Admin's blog has an article, Handling JWT in Admin Apps the Right Way, by Alexis Janvier. route_builder import build_routes. from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException, Depends, Request. Token model must contain: user_id, access_token, refresh_token. user = UserManager. 10; The FastAPI project dependency installations were tested with pip v22. Protecting an API route is as simple as adding a dependency to your route Simple HTTP Basic Auth. One is then expected to refresh them using the refresh_token provided in the raw_response payload. The Authorize button is asking to enter username Mar 28, 2021 · I have a basic web site on FastAPI. When a user successfully logs in or registers, you generate a JWT token . 10+ Python 3. Apr 14, 2021 · Problem is with the response /logout endpoint is returning. Step 2 – Setup the MongoDB with Docker. Geração de Projetos - Modelo. exceptions import AuthJWTException from pydantic import BaseModel app = FastAPI() class User(BaseModel): username: str password Oct 11, 2022 · To this you will need the client Id, tenant Id from you registered azure ad app and username, password of your account. You can use the TestClient class to test FastAPI applications without creating an actual HTTP and socket connection, just communicating directly with the FastAPI code. ¡Hola! Cuatro tutoriales ya 🙀, esta serie de tutoriales se está acercando a su fin, pero todavía nos quedan unas cuantas cosas por ver. Let’s create our app. cors import CORSMiddleware. Oct 15, 2023 · 1 Answer. I am following the fastapi docs to implement an user authentication system. Or the dependency doesn't return a value. En el tutorial de esta semana configuraremos nuestro proyecto para poder realizar la autenticación con JWT y aprenderemos cómo realizar el login con el The recommended method is now generate_csrf_tokens which returns a tuple of tokens, first unsigned and the latter signed; Recommended pattern is for the first token is aimed for returning as part of context; Recommended pattern is for the signed token to be set in client's cookie completing Double Submit Cookie Jul 3, 2023 · I am building an API using Python 3. Python 3. I would like to make this call from python so that I can loop through different ids and analyze the output. Conclusion. models import User from app. headers['your-header-name'] Why the hell with fa Jul 16, 2021 · So calling it to the users. Step 4 – Create the Path Operation Functions. In this article, we will explore how to validate access tokens Aug 9, 2023 · I will show you how I approach JWT tokens in my FastAPI apps. 依赖¶. It is created on top of Starlette. The second issue is about working with swagger. js App Locally. 6+ tiene soporte para "type hints" opcionales. from datetime import datetime, timedelta from typing import Literal from fastapi import Depends, HTTPException, status from fastapi. In this video, I will show you how to implement authentication in your FastAPI apps. Step 1 – Setup the FastAPI Project. Create and activate a new virtual environment: Feb 22, 2023 · I'm new to OAth2 and using FastApi, working great until now stumped on how to detect grant_type refresh. Check these FastAPI performance tests. . Apr 26, 2022 · 1. Here is an example of using access and refresh tokens: from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException, Depends, Request from fastapi. . Apr 24, 2023 · /token - generate access token if the provide number and otp are correct; Authorize button - Need to provide the token to give access #Need help here /show_results - requires authorization to show results; I am using oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="/token") for authorization. Sus características principales son: Rapidez: Alto rendimiento, a la par con NodeJS y Go (gracias a Starlette y Pydantic). Let’s break down each part: create_access_token and create_refresh_token functions Jul 15, 2022 · This article will teach you how to add JSON Web Token (JWT) authentication to your FastAPI app using PyMongo, Pydantic, FastAPI JWT Auth package, and Docker-compose. Nov 8, 2022 · from fastapi import FastAPI from starlette. Jul 11, 2021 · Creates and prints out a JWT using the HS256 algorithm. middleware("http") async def add_proceverify_token(request: Request, call_next): user = await get_verified_token(request) response = await call_next(request) return response Dec 24, 2021 · FastAPI is a modern, fast (high-performance) web framework for building APIs with Python. If you were familiar with flask-wtf library this extension suitable for you. I would like to authenticate with swagger of fastapi. to declare a header of X-Token that can appear more than once, first_party example: python-jose (JWT (Json Web Token) handling to make access tokens work), python-multipart (required to receive user input from a web form) I chose to include running the app in the respective main files for ease of demonstration, but you'll probably want to run the app from the command line using some variation of $ uvicorn It will verify your api_key is correct and fetch the metadata needed to verify access tokens in require_user, optional_user, or require_org_member. settings import access Oct 27, 2023 · Learn the basics of FastAPI, how to quickly set up a server and secure endpoints with Auth0. To get the current user in FastAPI , you have to get JWT token and decode it to extract information from it, hope it helps: from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException. py: # import lines and utilities omitted. from typing import Annotated from fastapi import Cookie, FastAPI app = FastAPI Sep 7, 2022 · it is a good practice to redirect user to the next endpoint after login and get access token. Make authenticated requests to a secure FastAPI server. $ mkdir backend $ cd backend $ python3 -m venv venv $ source venv/bin/activate $ pip install fastapi "uvicorn[standard]" propelauth-fastapi python React Admin. As shown below, the line response. And then, that system (in this case FastAPI) will take care of doing whatever is needed to provide your code with those May 30, 2020 · FastAPI is a modern, fast (high-performance), web framework for building APIs with Python 3. app = FastAPI() Take a look at the microsoft_identity_fastapi package built specifically to perform authorization and token validation in FastAPI-based solutions. 2; Python v3. responses import JSONResponse from fastapi_jwt_auth import AuthJWT from fastapi_jwt_auth. Now we add the function responsible for authentication, let’s break it down to see what it does: The function accepts 3 arguments , username, password and fake_db which is a dict acting as our database where users can be retrieved by username through the get_user function. delete_cookie("token") logging. I use it for an application I'm developing because it's actively maintained, easy-to-use, and provides a nice user interface out-of-the-box. decorator import cache from redis import asyncio as aioredis app = FastAPI() @cache() async def get_cache(): return 1 @app. 6+, que permite declarar el tipo de una variable. Jan 27, 2023 · See full-stack authentication and authorization in action using Auth0, React (JavaScript) using the React Router 6 library, and FastAPI (Python). May 11, 2022 · FastAPI authentication with Microsoft Identity. I use this part of Code to Generate also a Token : def create_access_token(data: dict, expires_delta: Optional[timedelta] = None): to_encode = data. FastAPI extension that provides stateless Cross-Site Request Forgery (XSRF) Protection support. Sources: Authlib-FastAPI-Google-Login. info('debug logout - before deleting cookie') response. Usando las declaraciones de tipos para tus variables, los editores y otras herramientas pueden proveerte un soporte mejor. Authentication will allow us to use a secure route. We'll use propelauth-fastapi to validate the access token's the frontend sends. 不过也不用担心，前端 Oct 13, 2022 · Run the 2FA React. add_route("/graphql", GraphQLApp(schema=my_schema)) For example, imagine that I now would only like to authenticate mutation Requests but not query requests. Install FastAPI. Bonus: How to extract the username, so that the API handler can work with it. Step 3: Secure the Routes. Step 5 – Configure CORS and Register the Routes. If you're using FastAPI to develop Jan 2, 2024 · Hi, I’m new to FastAPI and trying to create user-friendly login and logout interface based on cookie. I use library python-jose. 声明 Cookie 参数. Jun 4, 2023 · In this article, we will explore how to add JWT token-based authentication to a FastAPI application. You may want to split your route in two routes: "/login" and "/token". get_user_by_id(id=payload['sub']) returns a list, not a single object. FastAPI is based on OpenAPI. The problem is that when I pass grant_type "refresh_token" the code doesn't even get to the condidtional. We also need uvicorn to run our application. headers["Authorization"] # Here your code for verifying the token or whatever you use. FastAPI 站在以下巨人的肩膀之上： Starlette 负责 web 部分。 Sep 30, 2020 · 33. username, form_data. clientid = ''. Then on the login create a refresh token and access token and return it to the user. You can also include add on in the token that describe the user's session Once you FastAPI es un web framework moderno y rápido (de alto rendimiento) para construir APIs con Python basado en las anotaciones de tipos estándar de Python. By JWT tokens and FastAPI integration, we can enhance the security and authentication capabilities of our applications. if datetime. delete_cookies(key="access_token") is able to delete the cookie successfully. And configure the secret. from fastapi. redis import RedisBackend from fastapi_cache. copy() if expires_delta: expire = datetime. For some reason when using this setup, it isn't working, i. – Mar 6, 2024 · To begin we have to setup our FastAPI app: from fastapi import FastAPI SECRET = 'your-secret-key' app = FastAPI() To obtain a suitable secret key you can run import os; print(os. rest. This code sample shows you how to accomplish the following tasks: Create permissions, roles, and users in the Auth0 Dashboard. from propelauth_fastapi import init_auth auth = init_auth("YOUR_AUTH_URL", "YOUR_API_KEY") Protect API Routes. Typer，命令行中的 FastAPI¶. requests import Request from starlette. Dec 17, 2020 · Before you get started, make sure your computer has Python 3. Jan 24, 2022 · First, we create a new virtual environment and install our dependencies. post('/token', summary="Returns Bearer Token", FastAPI Aprender Introducción a los Tipos de Python¶ Python 3. Here is my logout code: logging. Dec 8, 2021 · Parte 4: Autenticación con JWT en FastAPI. I tried to put the token in the cookie but without result. from fastapi import FastAPI. 4. py. How to integrate the code into FastAPI to secure a route or a specific endpoint. utcfromtimestamp(token_data. 10. Uno de los frameworks de Python más rápidos. Estos type hints son una nueva sintaxis, desde Python 3. Feb 18, 2021 · 20. Now we can use PublicClientApplication to create a client and then use acquire_token_by_username_password to get the tokens. Step 1: Define a List of Valid API Keys. After authentication, the public API gives an access token that grants access to a specific user's data. allow access to a function/path with decorator like @login_required or FastAPI Dependecy injection. Mar 3, 2024 · Step 1: Start the FastAPI server by running the main Python file from your terminal with the command python main. The Microsoft Identity library for Python's FastAPI provides Azure Active Directory token authentication and authorization through a set of convenience functions. Aimed to be easy to use and lightweight, we adopt Double Submit Cookie mitigation pattern. The tutorial shows how to do this with a password: # creating a dependency. Now we can import and setup the LoginManager, which will handle the process of encoding and decoding our Json Web Tokens. First you need to install the package: pip install fastapi-jwt-auth. "Dependency Injection" means, in programming, that there is a way for your code (in this case, your path operation functions) to declare things that it requires to work and use: "dependencies". I would like to add a token or even basic auth to this dash sub app in way you add single dependency to fastapi Aug 3, 2020 · query=RootQuery, mutation=RootMutation, ) api = FastAPI(title=f"MyGraphQLServer", middleware=middleware) api. g. FastAPI is a relatively new Python framework that enables you to create applications very quickly. Jul 3, 2023 · Now let’s see how to use JWT token authentication in a Python app with the FastAPI framework. get_confirmation method is actually unnecessary. Furthermore I want to access the user_id in each of my resolvers. Dive deep into JWT-based authentication and better understand tokens and claims. It FastAPI是一个高性能的Python Web框架，它通过使用异步编程和声明式的API定义，能够快速构建可靠和高效的API应用程序。与其他框架相比，FastAPI提供了更容易使用的刷新令牌功能，使得用户无需重新认证就可以获取新的访问令牌。 Apr 13, 2022 · I'm trying to have a security API token for a basic API I'm setting up. Aug 29, 2019 · 2. from src. Here is a minimal example of app. get_user(real_user_db, username=token_data. Um gerador de projetos sempre terá uma pré-configuração que você pode atualizar e adaptar para suas próprias necessidades, mas pode Mar 6, 2022 · Adding API Key Authentication to FastAPI. security import OAuth2PasswordBearer. It supports both synchronous and asynchronous actions, data validation, authentication, and interactive API documentation, all of which are powered by OpenAPI. """. Currently, your method for retrieving a user users. Oct 23, 2023 · Python FastAPI is a modern, fast (high-performance) web framework for building APIs. 8 and FastAPI 0. Where would be the best place to store/save this access token? I want to easily access it for all my future API calls with the public API service. 并且，这两个字段必须命名为 username 和 password ，不能使用 user-name 或 email 等其它名称。. However, this can still create some security vulnerabilities if your token is stolen FastAPI framework, high performance, But a variable like user-agent is invalid in Python. Using Depends and others¶ In WebSocket endpoints you can import from fastapi and use: Depends; Security; Cookie; Header; Path; Query; They work the same way as for other FastAPI Dec 13, 2022 · Python Packages to Run FastAPI Apps Locally To run an app built on FastAPI locally, we will also need an asynchronous server gateway interface (ASGI), and we’ll use uvicorn as suggested in the docs. This extension inspired by fastapi-jwt-auth 😀. In fact, its speed is at par with Node. If you do need this to work with Swagger UI as well, one solution would be to use FastAPI's HTTPBearer, which would allow you to click on the Authorize button at the top right hand corner of your screen in Swagger UI autodocs (at /docs ), where you can type your API key in the Value field. Without authentication we cannot use that endpoint. post("/token", response_model=Token) async def login_for_access_token(form_data: OAuth2PasswordRequestForm = Depends()): user = authenticate_user(form_data. Denylist works by providing a callback function to this extension, using the token_in_denylist_loader (). Mar 2, 2024 · FastAPI, a modern web framework for building APIs with Python, provides convenient tools for implementing authentication mechanisms. JSON Web Tokens are represented as an encoded string and contain three parts: The header, the payload/claims, and the signature. info('debug logout - after deleting cookie') Oct 15, 2023 · You should use Fastapi middleware. This framework allows you to read API request data seamlessly with built-in modules and is a lightweight alternative to Flask. Python 及更高版本. 3. Step 4: Test and Documentation. OpenAPI (previously known as Swagger) is the open specification for building APIs (now part of the Linux Foundation). Overview of Two-Factor Auth in FastAPI. In flask was simply: request. main. Você pode usar um gerador de projetos para começar, por já incluir configurações iniciais, segurança, banco de dados e os primeiros endpoints API já feitos para você. expires): raise credentials_exception. mount based on this example from official docs fastapi-adcanced-wsgi. Your "/token" route is creating a token and retrieving it, but that token is not being stored either as a header nor as a cookie. To do that, log in to PythonAnywhere, and go to the "Account" page using the link at the top right. responses import Response from fastapi_cache import FastAPICache from fastapi_cache. You just need to do the following: if not user or user. Here is my code: Nov 16, 2023 · Inside your project directory, create a virtual environment using the env module by running the following command: python3 -m venv env. 95. Jul 20, 2020 · from fastapi import HTTPException, Depends. example/id This gives some JSON output. 9+ Python 3. 6+ based on standard Python type hints. Here from the form, i'm getting grant_type as "password" or "refresh_token". Background. The answer above does not account that the token_data. testclient import TestClient. FastAPI is a modern, production-ready, high-performance Python web framework built on top of Starlette and Pydantic to perform at par with NodeJs and Go. confirmation! = payload['jti']: But, the problem is more than that. OpenAPI has a way to define multiple security "schemes". expires needs to be converted to a utc date time object. An id_token contains user info, we just need to parse it to get the login user's information. Import HTTPBasic and HTTPBasicCredentials. How you put it in the header depends on the library you are using to perform HTTP requests. from msal import PublicClientApplication. security import OAuth2PasswordBearer from jose import JWTError, jwt from app. Revoking Tokens. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. React Admin is an open-source React framework for B2B applications. password) Aug 17, 2021 · 1. 第一个值是默认值，还可以传递所有验证参数或注释参数：. It enables any FastAPI applications to authenticate with Azure AD to validate JWT tokens and API permissions. urandom(24). js and Go. # check token expiration. I would like to implement login/logout (Auth) behavior similar to Flask-login, i. A FastAPI app is basically a Starlette app, that is why you can just use Authlib Starlette integration to create OAuth clients for FastAPI. But when you the url address bar does not change to the new one and stay the same as before. This Auth0 "Hello World" code sample demonstrates basic access control in a full-stack system. This method will be called whenever the specified 4. You can import it directly from fastapi. middleware. Use that security with a dependency in your path operation. I'm using app. How to verify a JWT in Python. The FastAPI documentation is detailed and easy-to-use. It’s easy to use, highly efficient, and provides automatic validation, serialization, and documentation of API endpoints. Before authentication was needed I had done that with urllib2. api. , async def get_emotions(uid, substance, x_token: Optional[str] = Jul 3, 2022 · You need to store the token somewhere on client side and then send it in the header of every request. I found fastapi-login module that advertised to be similar to Flask-login, but it thin on documentation to say the least. 8+ non-Annotated. 如果你正在开发一个在终端中运行的命令行应用而不是 web API，不妨试下 Typer。 Typer 是 FastAPI 的小同胞。它想要成为命令行中的 FastAPI。 ⌨️ 🚀. 首先，使用 FastAPI 安全工具获取 username 和 password 。. 8+ Python 3. But since I'm using firebase, there is no /token for getting token Nov 20, 2023 · Features. utcnow() > datetime. oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token") async def get_current_user(token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)): user = fake_decode_token(token) return user. Function that is used to validate the token in the case that it requires it. OAuth2 will be the type of authentication I demonstrate because it's ver What is "Dependency Injection". 10+ non-Annotated Python 3. FastAPI uses the typing and asynchronous features in Python, so earlier versions of the language won’t run it. Aug 5, 2021 · I am contacting you because I am trying to make a redirection by recovering the token but unfortunately my protected service is not accessible because no token is recovered and I do not know why. mg sb jg rl ot vk qw bg jf cj